It is used strategically to advance military objectives, such as the clearing of a civilian population from an area.Sexual violence may be encouraged or tolerated within armed groups.It is used to torture and humiliate people and to punish or humiliate an enemy group or community.Sexual violence during conflict is an act of domination, grounded in a complex web of cultural preconceptions, in particular as regards gender roles. Perpetrators of sexual violence in armed conflict include members of official armed and security forces, paramilitary groups, non-state armed groups, humanitarian and peacekeeping personnel, and civilians. In many conflicts, indigenous people or people from specific population groups are targeted for sexual violence. Although the majority of victims of sexual violence are women and girls, men and boys are also targeted in armed conflict. There needs to be a coordinated effort on strategies within the security sector to prevent and respond to sexual violence in armed conflict and in post-conflict security sector reform.Ĭonflict-related sexual violence occurs at the height of armed conflict, during population displacement, and continues after conflict. However, this report by the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces suggests that there has been little sharing of experiences between states regarding the measures required, or on good practice in addressing crimes of sexual violence. The UN requires all parties to armed conflict to take special measures to protect people from sexual violence.
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